I was recently in a class where the instructor said that archaeology is the grammar of Scripture. What he meant was that in order to understand the Scriptures, one needed a solid grounding in archaeology. In other words, we needed to examine the Scriptures in the light of, or under the lens of archaeology. He criticized the Puritans because of their "nascent understanding of covenant theology." They simply did not have the tools we have today for understanding these things.
While the Puritans did not have access to some of the Dead Sea Scrolls and other artifacts we have today, they did have something that many pastors lack today, and that was a deep reverence for Sola Scriptura. The only lens that Puritans used for examining the Scriptures was Scripture itself. They understood that the lens is the ultimate authority. If archaeology is the lens, then archaeology becomes the standard by which the truth of Scripture is evaluated. If science is the lens, then science is the standard by which truth is determined. If philosophy is the lens, then Scripture is subject to the whims of philosophers. It is only when Scripture is the lens that we can view Scripture through the eyes of God himself. To the Puritans, the Holy Spirit was the great Illuminator of the Scriptures and the Holy Spirit was sufficient.
Applying a non-biblical grid to Scripture and forcing Scripture to conform to that grid changes the meaning of everything. It should have come as no surprise then, when later in the class, the instructor told us that divorce was not a sin, that God did not hate divorce, that we need not set aside a day of the week for the Lord, and that the Ten Commandments did not apply to believers today. In the back of my mind I heard a familiar whisper: Did God really say...?
Eve heard the same thing in the Garden of Eden. The tree of life contained all the necessary stuff of life. The tree of the knowledge of good and evil had all that and more. Satan always tries to lure us by making us think that God is cheating us, that Satan can give us a better deal. He promises something more, but in the end it leads to death. Eve was right when she saw that the tree was good for obtaining wisdom. Everything about that tree looked good and much of it was good. It was the extra stuff that brought us down.
The same temptation is present for us when teachers cleverly attempt to lure us away from Scripture by offering us the Scriptures and more. In this class, the extras came in the form of archaeology, Greek, and philosophy. But rather than pull us deeper into the Scriptures, the extras distracted us from the Scriptures. The extras supposedly held the key that would break the code of Scripture. Yet we spent precious little time reading the Scriptures at all.
Archaeology is not the grammar of Scripture. Logos, the spoken Word, is the grammar of Scripture, and the Scriptures are very simple to understand. They are not written in code and we do not need a key to decode them. Nor do we need a pope or a bishop or a priest or a pastor to tell us what to believe. The Word and the Spirit are sufficient. And the pastor who teaches his congregation to trust in these two things alone is a true shepherd of the sheep. Beware of those who offer you all this and more.
